由于公司要求需要最新版的ZABBIX2.4.4需要最新版的系统CENTOS7和新版的LNMP环境,所以本人摸索着使用新版的环境搭建了LNMP系统,环境版本如下:
- 系统:CentOS 7 x86_64
- NGINX:nginx-1.7.12
- 数据库:mariadb-10.0.13
- PHP:php-5.5.23
首先做一些准备工作,先把centos7的防火墙更换成iptables,可以参见如下链接
centos7防火墙设置iptables
修改成iptables之后就可以清空iptables里面的过滤规则了,然后再关闭selinux服务。记得不要忘了先安装gcc gcc-c++ wget net-tools等功能哦。
首先安装mariadb
应为数据库编译需要很长时间,所以我这里下载的是已经编译好了的二进制包,下载版本为 mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
1、下载二进制包到/usr/local/src 目录下:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos74 src]# wget http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/mariadb/mariadb-10.0.13/bintar-quantal-amd64/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz[/code]
2、将压缩包解压到/usr/local 目录下:
[code][root@centos74 src]# tar zvxf mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
3、创建mariadb 数据初始化目录/data/mysql:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 src]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
4、添加系统用户mysql,禁止登陆系统,同时,将mariadb 数据初始化目录所属主和组都修改为mysql:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 src]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql ;chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
5、重命名解压出来的mariadb 目录:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 src]# mv /usr/local/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
6、进入重命名后的目录,初始化mariadb:
[root@centos74 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@centos74 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysql' ... 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using mutexes to ref count buffer pool pages 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M ........................................................................ The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/. You can find additional information about the MySQL part at: http://dev.mysql.com Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from SkySQL Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@skysql.com. Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort: http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/
报错:WARNING: The host 'test4' could not be looked up with resolveip.
解决办法:vim /etc/hosts 在最后一行添加192.168.1.242 test4
报错:./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法:yum -y install libaio-devel libaio
7、复制配置文件到/etc目录覆盖之前的my.cnf:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp:是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"? y
8、复制mysql 启动脚本文件到/etc/init.d 目录下并重命名为mysqld:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
同时修改启动脚本的权限为755:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# chmod 755 !$
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
9、编辑启动脚本,定义datadir 路径:
复制代码 代码如下:[root@centos74 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
定义数据存放路径:
datadir=/data/mysql
10、将mariadb自带命令放入$PATH
[root@localhost ~]# PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/#当前有效,重启shell就失效 [root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/" /etc/profile [root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" /etc/profile [root@localhost ~]# source !$
11、启动mariadb:
[root@centos74 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
第二步,开始安装php
这里要先声明一下,针对Nginx的php安装和针对apache的php安装是有区别的,因为Nginx中的php是以fastcgi的方式结合nginx的,可以理解为nginx代理了php的fastcgi,而apache是把php作为自己的模块来调用的。同样的,php官方下载地址: http://www.php.net/downloads.php
下载php
[rot@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src [root@localhost src]# wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.23.tar.gz
解压php
[root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.5.23.tar.gz
创建相关账户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
配置编译参数
复制代码 代码如下:[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.5.23
[root@localhost src]# yum -y install gcc make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel
[root@localhost php-5.5.23]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-gettext
错误:configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解决办法:yum -y install libxml2-devel
错误:configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
解决办法:yum -y install libcurl-devel
错误:configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
解决办法:yum -y install libjpeg-turbo-devel
错误:configure: error: png.h not found.
解决办法:yum -y install libpng-devel
错误:configure: error: freetype-config not found.
解决办法:configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
错误:configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
解决办法:yum -y install libmcrypt-devel
安装php
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make && make install
以上每一个步骤,如果没有完全执行正确,那么下一步是无法进行的,使用 echo $"htmlcode">
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
把如下内容写入该文件:
[global] pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log [www] listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock user = php-fpm group = php-fpm listen.owner = nobody listen.group = nobody pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024
保存配置文件后,检验配置是否正确的方法为:
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
如果出现诸如 “test is successful” 字样,说明配置没有问题。
启动php-fpm
cp /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm service php-fpm start
如果想让它开机启动,执行:
chkconfig php-fpm on
检测是否启动:
ps aux |grep php-fpm
看看是不是有很多个进程(大概20多个)。
安装nginx
下载nginx
cd /usr/local/src/ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz
解压nginx
tar zxvf nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz
配置编译参数
cd nginx-1.7.12 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_realip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre
报错:./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
解决办法:yum -y install pcre-devel
报错:./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
解决办法:yum install -y zlib-devel
编译nginx
make
安装nginx
make install
编写nginx启动脚本,并加入系统服务
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
写入如下内容:
#!/bin/bash # chkconfig: - 30 21 # description: http service. # Source Function Library . /etc/init.d/functions # Nginx Settings NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" RETVAL=0 prog="Nginx" start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF RETVAL=$"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp RETVAL=$"Reloading $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP RETVAL=$"$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) restart ;; configtest) configtest ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}" RETVAL=1 esac exit $RETVAL
保存后,更改权限:
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig --add nginx
如果想开机启动,请执行:
chkconfig nginx on
更改nginx配置
首先把原来的配置文件清空:
> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
“>” 这个符号为重定向的意思,单独用它,可以把一个文本文档快速清空。
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
写入如下内容:
user nobody nobody; worker_processes 2; error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; events { use epoll; worker_connections 6000; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526; server_names_hash_max_size 4096; log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]' '$host "$request_uri" $status' '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 30; client_header_timeout 3m; client_body_timeout 3m; send_timeout 3m; connection_pool_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 8 4k; request_pool_size 4k; output_buffers 4 32k; postpone_output 1460; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp; proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp; fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 8k; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /usr/local/nginx/html; location ~ \.php$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; } } }
保存配置后,先检验一下配置文件是否有错误存在:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果显示内容如下,则配置正确,否则需要根据错误提示修改配置文件:
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
启动nginx:
service nginx start
如果不能启动,请查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件,检查nginx是否启动:
ps aux |grep nginx
看是否有进程。
测试是否解析php文件
创建测试文件:
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php
内容如下:
<"htmlcode">[root@localhost nginx]# curl localhost/2.php或者使用浏览器打开http://YourServerIPAddress/2.php
重要:如果解析不了,检查日志发现连接不到php,我的php版本为5.5.23,比较新的版本,需要在php/etc/php-fpm.conf文件中添加
listen.owner = nobody listen.group = nobody这两行,再重启一下服务就能使用php了
原因是/tmp/php-fcgi.sock这个文件没有读权限
至此,最新版的LNMP环境源码编译安装完成了
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