from django.db import models
 
class Questionnaire(models.Model):
 '''问卷'''
 title = models.CharField('标题',max_length=100)
 class Meta:
 verbose_name_plural = '所有问卷'
 def questionnaire_to_dict(self):
 '''把questionnaire对象转化为字典'''
 return dict(questionnaire_id=self.id,title=self.title,questions=[question.question_to_dict() for question in self.questions.all()])
 def __str__(self):
 return self.title
 
class Question(models.Model):
 '''问题'''
 #所属问卷
 questionnaire = models.ForeignKey(Questionnaire,verbose_name='所属问卷',related_name='questions')
 #问题标题
 title = models.CharField('问题',max_length=150)
 #是否是多选
 is_checkbox = models.BooleanField('是否多选',default=False,help_text='是否是多选问题')
 class Meta:
 verbose_name_plural = '问题'
 
 def question_to_dict(self):
 '''把question对象转化为字典'''
 return dict(title=self.title,choice=[choice.choice_to_dict() for choice in self.choices.all()],
   is_checkbox=self.is_checkbox,questionnaire_id=self.questionnaire.id)
 
 def __str__(self):
 return self.title
 
class Choice(models.Model):
 '''选项'''
 #所属的问题
 question = models.ForeignKey(Question,verbose_name='所属问题',related_name='choices')
 content = models.CharField('选项内容',max_length=150)
 
 class Meta:
 verbose_name_plural = '问题选项'
 
 def choice_to_dict(self):
 '''把choice对象转化为字典'''
 #选项id,选项所属的问题id,选项内容
 return dict(id=self.id,question_id=self.question.id,content=self.content)
 
 def __str__(self):
 return self.content

from question.models import Question,Questionnaire,Choice
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
import json
class Questionnaires(View):
 def get(self,request):
 #获取所有问卷
 data = []
 questionnaires = Questionnaire.objects.all() #获取所有的问卷类
 for questionnaire in questionnaires:
  data.append(questionnaire.questionnaire_to_dict())
 return JsonResponse({'data':data})
 
 def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
 data = json.loads(request.body.decode())
 questionnaire = Questionnaire(title=data.get('title'))
 questionnaire.save()
 return JsonResponse({'msg':'success save'})
 
class QuestionnaireDetail(View):
 '''获取id为questionnaire_id的问卷'''
 def get(self,request,questionnaire_id):
 questionnaire = Questionnaire.objects.get(id=questionnaire_id)
 data = questionnaire.questionnaire_to_dict()
 return JsonResponse(data)

class Questions(View):
 def get(self,request):
 #查询所有问题
 questions_set = Question.objects.all()
 #把question_set转化为字典
 data = []
 for question in questions_set:
  data.append(question.question_to_dict())
 #把字典数据当做json返回
 return JsonResponse({'data':data})
 def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
 '''假设前端通过post传过来一个json数据'''
 #把request中的json转化为python对象
 data = json.loads(request.body.decode())
 #抽取数据
 questionnaire_id = data.get('questionnaire_id')
 title = data.get('title')
 is_checkbox = data.get('is_checkbox')
 # 获取questionnaire_id对应的对象
 questionnaire = Questionnaire.objects.get(id=questionnaire_id)
 #创建Question实例
 question = Question(title=title,is_checkbox=is_checkbox,questionnaire=questionnaire)
 question.save()
 #创建choice对象
 choices = data.get('choice')
 for c in choices:
  choice = Choice()
  choice.content = c
  choice.question = question
  choice.save()
 return JsonResponse({"msg":"success save"})

class QuestionDetail(View):
 def delete(self,request,question_id):
 question = Question.objects.get(id=question_id)
 question.delete()
 
 def put(self,request,question_id):
 #获取前端put的数据
 data = json.loads(request.body.decode())
 title = data.get('title')
 #获取question对象
 question = Question.objects.get(id=question_id)
 question.title = title
 question.save()
 return JsonResponse({'msg':'modify success'})
 
 def get(self,request,question_id):
 question = Question.objects.get(id=question_id)
 data = question.question_to_dict()
 return JsonResponse(data)

from django.conf.urls import url
from question.views import Questions,Questionnaires,QuestionDetail,QuestionnaireDetail
urlpatterns = [
 url(r'^questions/$',Questions.as_view(),name='questions'),
 url(r'^questionnaire/("htmlcode">

from rest_framework import serializers
from question.models import Question,Questionnaire,Choice
 
class QuestionnaireSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 class Meta:
 model = Questionnaire
 fields = ('title',)
 
class QuestionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 class Meta:
 model = Question
 fields = ('title','is_checkbox','questionnaire')
 
class ChoiceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 class Meta:
 model = Choice
 fields = ('content','question')


使用这些序列化类来序列化我们需要的字段
2.定义类视图


class QuestionnaireList(APIView):
 def get(self,request):
 questionnaire = Questionnaire.objects.all()
 serializer = QuestionnaireSerializer(questionnaire,many=True)
 return Response(serializer.data)
 
 def post(self,request):
 serializer = QuestionnaireSerializer(data=request.data)
 if serializer.is_valid():
  serializer.save()
  return Response(serializer.data)
 return Response(serializer.errors)
 
class Questionnaire_Detail(APIView):
 def get_object(self,pk):
 try:
  return Questionnaire.objects.get(pk=pk)
 except Questionnaire.DoesNotExist:
  raise Http404
 def get(self,request,pk):
 questionnaire = self.get_object(pk)
 serializer = QuestionnaireSerializer(questionnaire)
 return Response(serializer.data)
 
 def put(self,request,pk):
 questionnaire = self.get_object(pk)
 serializer = QuestionSerializer(questionnaire,data=request.data)
 if serializer.is_valid():
  serializer.save()
  return Response(serializer.data)
 return Response(serializer.errors)
 
 def delete(self,request,pk):
 questionnaire = self.get_object(pk)
 questionnaire.delete()
 return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
 
class QuestionList(APIView):
 def get(self,request):
 question = Question.objects.all()
 serializer = QuestionSerializer(question,many=True)
 return Response(serializer.data)
 
 def post(self,request):
 serializer = QuestionSerializer(data=request.data)
 if serializer.is_valid():
  serializer.save()
  return Response(serializer.data)
 return Response(serializer.errors)


3.配置url


from django.conf.urls import url
from question.views import Questionnaire_Detail,QuestionnaireList,QuestionList
urlpatterns = [
 url(r'^questions/$',QuestionList.as_view(),name='questions'),
 url(r'^questionnaire/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',Questionnaire_Detail.as_view(),name='questionnaire'),
 url(r'^questionnaires/$',QuestionnaireList.as_view(),name='questionnaires'),
]


这里我只定义了获取所有问卷，单个问卷及所有问题的类，使用restframework开发接口虽然快速，代码易懂，但是它的缺点在于通过序列化类只能返回这个模型类本身的字段，并不能返回它所关联的外键属性的字段，要想获取其他关联模型类的数据就得定义另外的类视图，那么对应的url也需要配置。但是同样它的好处在于快速，代码简洁易懂，只不过是获取不同模型类的数据需要定义不同的接口，不能像自定义接口那样定义一个接口可以获得其他模型类的数据。
以上这篇浅谈django不使用restframework自定义接口与使用的区别就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。